ABSTRACT :The Persianate culture and Islam were two major influences on the medieval Indian history and society. This article compares and contrasts the two Islamic empires that ruled over India during this period: the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire. The article examines how these empires adopted, adapted, and disseminated the Persianate culture and Islam in India, and how they interacted with the indigenous traditions and groups. The article also discusses the impact, challenges, responses, legacy, and relevance of the Persianate culture and Islam in India. The article aims to provide a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the complexity and richness of the medieval Indian civilization. Keywords: Persianate culture, Islam, India, Delhi Sultanate, Mughal Empire