Abstract

Abstract: Advanced scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and related instruments have significantly improved the characterization of all-solid-state (ASS) Li batteries. These tools provide localised information on the morphology, chemistry, structure, and electronic state of electrodes, electrolytes, and their interfaces at the nano and atomic scale. The rapid advancement of in situ technologies has enabled a comprehensive understanding of interfacial dynamic behaviour and heterogeneous characteristics throughout the cycling process. However, conducting thorough and reliable examinations of the structure and chemistry at the interface with an extremely high level of detail, without causing damage to the sample, is challenging due to the sensitivity of light components like Li and O in the interphases. This article covers the following topics: The current challenges in implementing this method, the novel advancements of advanced STEM in the study of ASS Li batteries, and the potential for integrating cold electron microscopy with STEM phase contrast imaging techniques. Keywords: Battery management system, all-solid-state (ASS), scanning transmission electron microscopy